An increase in auto-PEEP is indicative of what condition?

An increase in auto-PEEP (intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure) is indicative of air trapping, which occurs when there is incomplete expiration of air from the lungs before the next breath begins. This situation often arises in patients with obstructive lung diseases such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where airways may become narrowed or obstructed, preventing full exhalation.

When air becomes trapped in the lungs, the functional residual capacity (FRC) increases, leading to higher baseline pressures in the thoracic cavity at the end of expiration. This auto-PEEP can contribute to inadequate venous return and impaired hemodynamics, making it a critical factor to assess in ventilated patients. Monitoring and managing auto-PEEP is essential in optimizing ventilation strategies and preventing complications associated with air trapping.